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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 3:46 am
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Results for victimization surveys
63 results foundAuthor: Alemika, Etannibi EO Title: Criminal Victimization and Fear of Crime in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria Summary: Criminal victimization has serious consequences for the citizens and society. Individual and societal aspirations for democracy, development, human rights, high standard of living are undermined by high level of criminal victimization. Nigeria has witnessed high rates of crime and victimization that have defied the measures, introduced by successive regimes, for its management during the past two decades. The problem of crime is most widespread and endemic in Lagos. This is most likely due to its being the most economically active and densely populated city in Nigeria. In spite of the crime problem in the country, there are no reliable statistics on the trend and pattern of crime and victimization. In order to bridge the data-gap, this study surveys the extent and pattern of victimization, fear of crime, perceptions of crime and the police among residents of Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria. Lagos was the capital of Nigeria from 19141 to 1991 when the capital of the Federation was moved to Abuja in the central area of the nation. The survey conducted in August 2004, covered Lagos metropolis. Data were obtained through multi-stage sampling design. The target population from which the sample was drawn were people who were 16 years or older in 14 Local Government Areas. Fieldwork was carried out by the staff of the Federal Office of Lagos with supervision by staff of CLEEN Foundation also based in Lagos, during the month of August 2004. In all, 2091 respondents were interviewed, with the following aims: to find out whether or not they were victims of crime during the past five years; to discover the extent and types of criminal victimization in Lagos metropolis; to find out the level of subjective feeling of safety as well as attitudes to crime and the police among the residents of Lagos. The findings of the study are summarized below. Extent of criminal victimization A substantial proportion of the respondents were victims of corruption and cheating in 2003. More than two-fifths of the respondents said they were victims of corruption, particularly demand for bribe by public officials. Also, 30% said they were cheated by various persons, groups and businesses during the year. Over a period of five years covered by the survey, theft and assault were the commonest form of victimization experienced by the respondents. The levels of victimization reported by the respondent for the past five years were as follow: - 1% of the households reported the murder of a member; - 6%; 5% and 23% of households with vehicle owners respectively reported robbery of automobile; theft of vehicle and theft of property from an automobile belonging to their members; - 15% of households with motorcycle and bicycle owners reported theft of cycles; - 9% and 6% of the households were victims of burglary and attempted burglary respectively; - 9% of the respondents reported being victims of robbery; - 25% were victims of theft; - 12% said they were assaulted; - 9% of the female respondents were victims of sexual violence. Spatial pattern of criminal victimization Criminal victimization varied across the Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Lagos metropolis, with the following pattern discernible from the analysis of the survey: - Murder was higher in Lagos Island, Mushin and Kosofe; - Automobile theft was highest in Lagos Island and Mainland; - Theft of property from car was widespread in all the LGAs but highest in Apapa and Mushin; - Incidence of burglary was highest in Ajeromi-Ifelodun, Lagos Island, Ifako-Ijaye and Shomolu; - Robbery was more prevalent in Lagos Island, Ajeromi-Ifelodun, Ojo, Agege, Apapa and Mushin; - Respondents in Oshodi-Isolo, Ajeromi-Ifelodun and Apapa reported higher levels of assault; - Female respondents in Ojo, Mushin, Oshodi-Isolo and Ajeromi-Ifelodun reported higher levels of sexual victimization; - In 2003, incidence of corruption, particularly extortion, was more prevalent in Lagos Island, Oshodi-Isolo, Mushin and Apapa. Perceptions of Crime and Safety in Community Robbery and murder were the crimes perceived as most prevalent in nearly all the LGAs. The two crimes were followed in respect of prevalence by theft, burglary. Majority of the respondents in all the LGAs, with the exception of Alimosho, reported decrease in crime level in their communities. However, while more than 70% of the respondents felt that crime decreased in their communities, majority of the respondents perceived increased level of crime in society. This apparent contradiction may be explained by the concentration of electronic and print media of mass communication with extensive coverage of criminal incidents in the state. More than 80% of respondents from all the LGAs (except AjeromiIfelodun with 56%) said that they felt safe walking in their neigbourhood after dark. Greater percentage of respondents felt safe at home after dark. However, nearly 70% were fearful of being a victim of any crime. Perception of Police Majority of the respondents had positive impression or perception of the police. More specifically: - 58% of the respondents said the police in their communities were doing a good job; - 53% agreed with the view that the police were helpful; - Positive perception or impression of the police was highest among respondents in Agege, Mainland, Mushin, Ikeja and lowest among respondents in Alimosho, Apapa, Kosofe, Surulere and Ajeromi-Ifelodun; Notwithstanding the generally positive perception of the police by the respondents, majority of them felt that police performance has declined over the past five years. Reactions to Crime Faced with high incidence and fear of crime, many communities and individuals took several measures to reduce their feeling of vulnerability and minimize risk of victimization. - 81% of the respondents said that vigilante existed in their communities, while 77% reported that the vigilantes were paid for their services; - Individuals introduced target hardening devices (fence, metal doors, locks, electronic devices) and employed security guards in order to minimize their risk of victimization. Police Community Relations Committee The provision for the establishment of Police Community Relations Committee (PCRC) in police divisions was aimed at developing public-police partnership. About a third (34%) of the respondents said PCRC existed in their area, while 77% reported that they are aware of the role of PCRC. Details: Lagos, Nigeria: CLEEN Foundation, 2005. 35p. Source: CLEEN Foundation Monograph Series, No. 1: Accessed April 14, 2018 at: http://new.cleen.org/LAGOS%20CRIME%20SURVEY.pdf Year: 2005 Country: Nigeria URL: http://new.cleen.org/LAGOS%20CRIME%20SURVEY.pdf Shelf Number: 117355 Keywords: Crime StatisticsFear of CrimeVictimizationVictimization Surveys |
Author: French, Brian Title: Experience of Sexual Violence and Abuse: Findings from the 2008/09 Northern Ireland Crime Survey Summary: This bulletin draws on findings from the 2008/09 Northern Ireland Crime Survey, a continuous, representative, personal interview survey of the experiences and perceptions of crime of 3,856 adults living in private households throughout Northern Ireland. The findings present estimates of the prevalence of sexual violence among women and men in Northern Ireland, from childhood to adulthood. It also provides insights into who has been victimized, who the perpetrators were, the context in which the abuse occurred, the impact of the abuse on the lives of those who had been victimized, and the patterns of disclosure of the abuse to others. Details: Belfast: Northern Ireland Office, Statistics and Research Branch, 2009. 36p. Source: Research and Statistical Bulletin 9/2009 Year: 2009 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 117668 Keywords: Crime StatisticsSex OffendersSex OffensesSexual AbuseSexual ViolenceVictimization Surveys |
Author: Mayhew, Pat Title: Exploring Victimisation in Sole-Parent Households: Findings from the New Zealand Crime and Safety Survey 2006 Summary: This report presents further results from the 2006 New Zealand Crime and Safety Survey to look at the experiences of sole-parent households as victims of crime. The main focus of the report is on aspects of victimization risk among sole-parent households compared with other households with children. It looks at how the two family groups compared in regards to: their concern about crime; the coverage of and membership in Neighbourhood Support; and their awareness of agencies that can support victims. Details: Wellington: New Zealand Ministry of Justice, 2009. 76p. Source: Year: 2009 Country: New Zealand URL: Shelf Number: 118368 Keywords: Single-Parent FamiliesVictim ServicesVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime (New Zealand) |
Author: Chikwanha, Annie Barbara Title: A Survey of Crime Victims in Sierra Leone: May to June 2008 Summary: This survey presents information on the prevalence of crime in this post-conflict country, as well as an assessment of the criminal justice system in general. Details: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Institute for Security Studies, 2008. 16p. Source: Year: 2008 Country: Sierra Leone URL: Shelf Number: 115834 Keywords: Crime Statistics (Sierra Leone)Victimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Title: Manual on Victimization Surveys Summary: This manual is the first attempt to develop methodological guidelines at the international level for the design of victimization surveys. The manual provides a comprehensive source of information for developing national victimization surveys and will be particularly useful for those countries who may be embarking on a survey of this type for the first time. The ultimate goal of the manual is to improve the comparability of victimization survey results. The manual provides a minimum dataset of suggested key topics for inclusion in national crime victimization surveys that will further facilitate international comparability of crime survey results. Details: Geneva: United Nations, 2010. 219p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2010 Country: International URL: Shelf Number: 118688 Keywords: Crime StatisticsCrime SurveysVictimization Surveys |
Author: Lauritsen, Janel L. Title: Gender and Violent Victimization, 1973-2005 Summary: This study examined long-term trends in violent victimization by gender and various socio-demographic data, using relevant data from the National Crime Survey and its successor, the National Crime Victimization Survey for the period 1973-2005. Details: Unpublished report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice, 2009. 86p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 119159 Keywords: Crime StatisticsFemale VictimsVictimization SurveysViolent CrimeViolent Victimization |
Author: Quigley, D. Title: Perceptions of Crime: Findings from the 2008/09 Northern Ireland Crime Survey Summary: "This bulletin is based on findings from the 2008/09 Northern Ireland Crime Survey (NICS), a representative, continuous personal interview survey of the experiences and perceptions of crime of 3,856 adults living in private households throughout Northern Ireland. Previously conducted on an ad hoc basis in 1994/95, 1998, 2001 and 2003/04, the NICS began operating on a continuous basis in January 2005. In addition to describing respondents’ perceptions of causes of crime, recent changes in crime levels and the extent of problems of anti-social behaviour in the local area, the bulletin illustrates three commonly used measures of concern about crime: 1. worry about crime and personal safety; 2. perceptions of the risk of victimisation; and 3. perceptions of the effect of ‘fear of crime’ on quality of life. The bulletin also contains a section on public confidence in policing, community engagement and the criminal justice system, measured as part of the Northern Ireland Office (NIO) 2007 Public Service Agreement (PSA)." Details: Belfast: Northern Ireland Office, Statistics and Research Branch, 2010. 59p. Source: Internet Resource; Research and Statistical Bulletin 1/2010 Year: 2010 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 118702 Keywords: Crime StatisticsVictimization SurveysVictims of Crimes |
Author: Toner, S. Title: Experience of Crime: Findings from the 2008/09 Northern Ireland Crime Survey Summary: This report presents the findings from the Northern Ireland Crime Survey focusing on crime victimisation and prevalence rates in both Northern Ireland and England & Wales. Results from the survey indicate that 13.4% of all households and their adult occupants were victims of crime during the 12 months prior to interview, which is the lowest figure for victimisation since the survey began. While not statistically different from the figure for NICS 2007/08 (13.8%) or 2006/07 (14.2%), it is lower than the rates recorded through NICS 1998 (23.0%), 2001 (19.7%), 2003/04 (21.4%) and 2005 (17.3%). Details: Belfast: Northern Ireland Office, Statistics and Research Branch, 2009. 42p. Source: Internet Resource; Research and Statistical Bulletin 7/2009 Year: 2009 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 119334 Keywords: Crime StatisticsVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: Broadhurst, Roderic Title: Hong Kong United Nations International Crime Victim Survey: Final Report of the 2006 Hong Kong UNICVS Summary: This report presents the findings of the 2006 Hong Kong United Nations International Crime Victim survey. This was the first time the UNICVS was conducted in Hong Kong SAR China. For this reason, no trends in crime over time are available but where appropriate, the results are compared with those of other main cities in the developed and the developing world. The report shows crime victimisation rates for ten types of common crimes: car theft, theft from car, household burglary and attempted burglary, robbery, personal theft, assault, and sexual victimisation. In addition, the report examines non-conventional crimes such as corruption and bribery, and consumer fraud. A unique feature of the Hong Kong UNICVS is a set of questions on cyber victimisation. The report also presents information on other topics related to criminal justice such as reporting to the police and the police response to victimisation, fear of crime, crime prevention measures, and opinions about police and sentencing. Hong Kong’s residents attitudes to restorative justice and victims’ participation in the justice process are also examined. Details: Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong; Canberra: Australian National University, 2010. 89p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2010 Country: Hong Kong URL: Shelf Number: 119341 Keywords: Crime (Hong Kong)Crime Statistics - International Crime Victim SurvVictimization Surveys |
Author: Millard, Bryce Title: Experimental Statistics on Victimisation of Children Aged 10 to 15: Findings from the British Crime Survey for the Year Ending December 2009: England and Wales Summary: This report makes available for the first time estimates of victimisation from the extension of the British Crime Survey to children aged 10 to 15 years resident in households in England and Wales. Details: London: Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate, 2010. 26p. Source: Internet Resource: Home Office Statistical Bulletin: 11/10 Year: 2010 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 119408 Keywords: British Crime SurveyCriminal StatisticsVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime, Children |
Author: Pharoah, Robyn Title: National Victims of Crime Survey: Overview of Key Findings Summary: In 2007 the Institute for Security Studies conducted a national crime and victimisation survey. The survey followed on from two earlier victim surveys conducted by the ISS and Statistics South Africa in 1998 and 2003 respectively. Together, these three surveys provide an unprecedented snapshot of both changing victimisation levels and perceptions of crime and the criminal justice system over the last decade. This paper, the first of several on the research results, provides an overview of the central findings of the 2007 survey, key victimisation and reporting trends since 1998, as well as changes in the public's perception of crime, responses to crime and the performance of the criminal justice system. Details: Pretoria, South Africa: Institute for Security Studies, 2008. 15p. Source: Internet Resource; ISS Paper No. 175 Year: 2008 Country: South Africa URL: Shelf Number: 115830 Keywords: Crime StatisticsVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: Pharoah, Robyn Title: The Dynamics of Crime: Comparing the Results from the 1998, 2003 and 2007 National Crime and Victimisation Surveys Summary: In 2007 the Institute for Security Studies conducted a national crime and victimisation survey. The survey followed on from two earlier victim surveys conducted by the ISS and Statistics South Africa in 1998 and 2003 respectively. Together, these three surveys provide an unprecedented snapshot of both changing victimisation levels and perceptions of crime and the criminal justice system over the last decade. This paper discusses the dynamics surrounding the six most common crimes identified in the 2007 study. It compares the data from the 1998, 2003 and 2007 surveys to provide a picture of provincial victimisation trends, the sites and characteristics of the crimes, weapon use, victims’ familiarity with the perpetrators and arrest and conviction trends. Details: Pretoria, South Africa: Institute for Security Studies, 2008. 13p. Source: Internet Resource; ISS Paper 177 Year: 2008 Country: South Africa URL: Shelf Number: 115830 Keywords: Crime StatisticsVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: O'Donovan, Michael Title: South Africa's Perceptions of the Police and the Courts: Results of the 2007 National Victims of Crime Survey Summary: In 2007 the Institute for Security Studies conducted a national crime and victimisation survey. The survey followed on from two earlier victim surveys conducted by the ISS and Statistics South Africa in 1998 and 2003 respectively. Together, these three surveys provide an unprecedented snapshot of both changing victimisation levels and perceptions of crime and the criminal justice system over the last decade. This paper, one of several on the research results, provides an analysis of the findings of the 2007 victimisation survey in respect of preceptions of the public in relation to the functioning of the police and courts. It also provides a comparison between the 2003 and 2007 victmisation survey findings on these matters. Details: Pretoria, South Africa: Institute for Security Studies, 2008. 8p. Source: Internet Resource; ISS Paper 176 Year: 2008 Country: South Africa URL: Shelf Number: 115830 Keywords: CourtsPolicePublic OpinionVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: Pharoah, Robyn Title: Who Is Most At Risk? Victimisation Trends in the 2007 National Crime and Victimisation Survey Summary: This paper explores whether there are factors that may place some people at greater risk of experiencing crime in South African than others. The paper is one of a series of papers presenting the findings of the National Crime and Victimisation Survey conducted by the Institute for Security Studies in 2007. This paper analyses the victimisation trends emerging from the data. It attempts to go beyond a basic reading of results to identify statistically what characteristics influence victimisation; the relative importance of different factors; and, whether they increase or decrease the likelihood of experiencing different types of crime. It does this using regression modelling of variables identified both in the preliminary analysis of the 2007 findings and in a range of similar studies. Details: Pretoria, South Africa: Institute for Security Studies, 2009. 16p. Source: Internet Resource; ISS Paper 182 Year: 2009 Country: South Africa URL: Shelf Number: 115830 Keywords: Crime StatisticsVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: Lanton, Lynn Title: Identity Theft Reported by Households, 2007 - Statistical Tables Summary: The report presents data on identity theft victimization reported by households from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). These statistical tables provide 2007 data on rates and types of identity theft, as well as demographic characteristics of victimized households and their monetary losses. Tables compare rates of identity theft victimization in 2005 to 2007. Estimates from the last half of 2008 are also presented and compared to estimates from the same 6-month period in 2007. Highlights include the following: 1) The number of households with at least one member who experienced one or more types of identity theft increased 23% from 2005 to 2007; 2) From 2005 to 2007, the number of households that experienced credit card theft increased by 31% and the number that experienced multiple types during the same episode increased by 37%; 3) During the 6-month period in 2008 for which identity theft victimization data was collected as part of the regular NCVS, 3.3% of households discovered that at least one member had been a victim of one or more types of identity theft. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010. 5p. Source: Internet Resource; National Crime Victimization Survey 2007. Accessed August 10, 2010 at http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=2294 Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=2294 Shelf Number: 119581 Keywords: Credit Card TheftEconomic CrimesIdentity TheftVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: Langton, Lynn Title: Identity Theft Reported by Households, 2007 - Statistical Tables Summary: This report presents data on identity theft victimization reported by households from the National Crime Victimization Survey. The statistical tables provide 2007 data on rates and types of identity theft, as well as demographic characteristics of victimized households and their monetary losses. The number of households with at least one member who experienced one or more types of identity theft increased 23% from 2005 to 2007. From 2005 to 2007, the number of households that experienced credit card theft increased by 31% and the number that experienced multiple types during the same episode increased by 37%. During the 6-month period in 2008 for which identity theft victimization data was collected, 3.3% of households discovered that at least one member had been a victim of one or more types of identity theft. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010. 5p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 3, 2010 at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/itrh07st.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/itrh07st.pdf Shelf Number: 119742 Keywords: Credit Card FraudCrime StatisticsIdentity TheftVictimization Surveys |
Author: Vaillancourt, Roxan Title: Gender Differences in Police-reported Violent Crime in Canada, 2008 Summary: Police-reported data show that the risk of violent victimization among adult males (aged 18 years of age and over) is comparable to that of adult females. Adult females accounted for 51% or about 152,000 of the 298,000 victims of violent incidents reported to the police in 2008, while some 146,000 victims were male. There are many consequences associated with being a victim of a violent crime including injuries, increased stress levels and disruption to day-to-day activities. According to the 2004 General Social Survey (GSS) on Victimization, 24% of victims who sustained injuries due to a violent victimization sought medical attention and 20% required bed rest. In addition, 81% of victims experienced some form of emotional reaction such as anger, confusion or being fearful, and one-third reported having problems sleeping. This profile examines the nature and extent of gender differences in police-reported violent victimization between male and female adults aged 18 years and over. It analyses gender differences in victimization based on the prevalence across the provinces and territories, the type of violent offence, the location of the incident, the presence and type of weapon used, the level of injury to the victim, the victim’s relationship to the perpetrator, and the age of the victim. Details: Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 2010. 26p. Source: Internet Resource: Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics Profile Series: Accessed September 7, 2010 at: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85f0033m/85f0033m2010024-eng.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Canada URL: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85f0033m/85f0033m2010024-eng.pdf Shelf Number: 119753 Keywords: Crime StatisticsFemale VictimsGenderVictimization SurveysVictims of CrimeViolent Crime |
Author: Rand, Michael R. Title: Crime Against People with Disabilities, 2007 Summary: This report presents the first findings about nonfatal violent and property crime experienced by persons with disabilities, based on the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). The report includes data on nonfatal violent victimization (rape/sexual assault, robbery, aggravated and simple assault) and property crime (burglary, motor vehicle theft, theft) against persons with disabilities in 2007. It compares the victimization experience of persons with and without disabilities, using population estimates based on the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS). Data are presented on victim and crime characteristics of persons with and without disabilities, including age, race and gender distribution; offender weapon use; victim injuries; and reporting to the police. Highlights include the following: Persons with disabilities were victims of about 47,000 rapes, 79,000 robberies, 114,000 aggravated assaults, and 476,000 simple assaults; Age-adjusted rate of nonfatal violent crime against persons with disabilities was 1.5 times higher than the rate for persons without disabilities; and Females with a disability had a higher victimization rate than males with a disability; males had a higher rate than females among those without a disability. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2009. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 15, 2010 at: Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 113077 Keywords: Mentally Handicapped PersonsPhysically Handicapped PersonsVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: Catalano, Shannan Title: Victimization During Household Burglary Summary: This report presents findings from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) on the characteristics of burglary, with comparisons between households where members were present and not present. It also examines the extent to which individuals in the residence are violently victimized when at home during these encounters. The NCVS classifies victimization as personal, rather than property crime, when a household member is present and experiences violence during a household burglary. This report classifies these violent burglaries differently so that they may be compared to traditionally classified burglaries. It also discusses crime characteristics such as household structure, location and type of residence, method of entry, time of day, type of violence, weapon use, injury, and reporting to police. Data on nonfatal violent victimization (rape/sexual assault, robbery, aggravated and simple assault) are drawn from the NCVS. Data on homicides are drawn from the Supplementary Homicide Report of the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Highlights of the report include the following: An estimated 3.7 million burglaries occurred each year on average from 2003 to 2007; Offenders were known to their victims in 65% of violent burglaries; offenders were strangers in 28%; and Serious injury accounted for 9% and minor injury accounted for 36% of injuries sustained by household members who were home and experienced violence during a completed burglary. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010. 13p. Source: Internet Resource: Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report: Accessed October 5, 2010 at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/vdhb.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/vdhb.pdf Shelf Number: 119860 Keywords: BurglaryVictimization SurveysVictims of CrimeViolent Crime |
Author: Johnson, Matthew Title: Personal Victimization of College Students Summary: The purpose of this study was to explore aspects of personal victimization among college students in Texas. Findings were reported and discussed regarding the extent of personal victimization, factors increasing or decreasing the likelihood of personal victimization, and situational issues pertaining to the consequences of being victimized. Some of the more noteworthy findings are: Approximately 26% of respondents reported being a personal crime victim within the past two years; The percentage of females experiencing personal victimization was substantially higher than the percentage for males. Further investigation revealed that the measures of stalking and sexual assault victimization accounted for the overall higher rate for females; Respondents living with a roommate or roommates were much more likely to be victims compared to respondents living alone; Respondents who grew up in a household headed by only the biological father and those raised primarily by their grandparents were significantly more likely to report being a victim compared to all other categories; Exposure to and involvement in violence is associated with personal victimization. Respondents experiencing violence between parents as children and respondents engaging in violent/personal crime were significantly more likely to be victims of personal crime compared to other respondents; Respondents who spent more time taking safety precautions to prevent victimization were more likely to have been victimized compared to those spending less time doing such things; Respondents who were personal crime victims had higher levels of fear of victimization compared to non-victims; and Personal crime victims reported spending more time partying than non-victims. Details: Huntsville, TX: Crime Victims' Institute, Criminal Justice Center, Sam Houston State University, 2009. 39p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 5, 2010 at: http://www.crimevictimsinstitute.org/documents/CSVictimizationFinal.pdf Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: http://www.crimevictimsinstitute.org/documents/CSVictimizationFinal.pdf Shelf Number: 119862 Keywords: Campus CrimeColleges and UniversitiesSexual AssaultStalkingVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: Wortley, Scot Title: The Jamaican National Crime Victimization Survey: Final Report Summary: The 2006 Jamaican National Victimization Survey (JNVS) is the first victimization survey conducted in Jamaica that is based on a representative sample of the general Jamaican population. The final victimization survey was completed by a random sample of 3,112 Jamaican residents, 16 years of age or over. The survey focused on the following issues: 1) Patterns of criminal victimization; 2) Community crime problems; 3) Indirect exposure to crime; 4) Fear of Crime; and 5) Public attitudes towards the Jamaican police and other aspects of the Jamaican criminal justice system. Details: Toronto: Centre for Criminology, University of Toronto, 2006. 272p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 15, 2010 at: http://www.oas.org/ATIP/documents/victimization_surveys/jamaica/JNCVSfinal_2006%5B1%5D.pdf Year: 2006 Country: Jamaica URL: http://www.oas.org/ATIP/documents/victimization_surveys/jamaica/JNCVSfinal_2006%5B1%5D.pdf Shelf Number: 119988 Keywords: Criminal Justice SystemsFear of CrimePolice-Community RelationsPublic OpinionVictimization Surveys |
Author: Truman, Jennifer L. Title: Criminal Victimization, 2009 Summary: This bulletin presents the annual estimates of rates and levels of violent crime (rape or sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault), property crime (burglary, motor vehicle theft, and property theft), and personal theft (pocket picking and purse snatching) in the US. The report describes the year-to-year change from 2008 and trends for the 10-year period from 2000 through 2009. The National Criminal Victimization Survey (NCVS) collects information on nonfatal crimes, reported and not reported to the police, against persons age 12 or older from a nationally representative sample of U.S. households. During 2009, 38,728 households and 68,665 individuals were interviewed twice for the NCVS. This report also includes data on the characteristics of victims of crime; estimates of intimate partner violence; and use of firearms and other weapons during the crime. Highlights include the following: An estimated 4.3 million violent crimes, 15.6 million property crimes, and 133,000 personal thefts were committed against U.S. residents age 12 or older in 2009; Violence against males, blacks, and persons age 24 or younger occurred at higher or somewhat higher rates than the rates of violence against females, whites, and persons age 25 or older in 2009; About half (49%) of all violent crimes and about 40% of all property crimes were reported to the police in 2009; and Violent crimes against females (53%) were more likely to be reported than violent crimes against males (45%). Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010. 15p. Source: Internet Resource: Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin, October 2010: Accessed October 18, 2010 at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv09.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv09.pdf Shelf Number: 119995 Keywords: Crime StatisticsProperty CrimeVictimization SurveysVictims of CrimesViolent Crime |
Author: New Zealand. Statistics New Zealand Title: Crime Victimisation Patterns in New Zealand: New Zealand General Social Survey 2008 and New Zealand Crime and Safety Survey 2006 Compared Summary: Crime Victimisation Patterns in New Zealand compares victimisation statistics produced from the New Zealand Crime and Safety Survey 2006 (NZCASS) and the New Zealand General Social Survey 2008 (GSS) to see if the socio-demographic characteristics of victims in the surveys are similar. The report looks at victimisation prevalence and repeat victimisation in relation to the total population, and to certain population groups, such as age, sex, ethnicity, household tenure, and the New Zealand index of deprivation 2001 groups. Users of crime victimisation data will see how the GSS module on safety and security compares with New Zealand’s primary victimisation survey, the NZCSS. The GSS is a two-yearly, multi-topic survey of individual well-being. The GSS allows the interrelationships between crime victimisation and other areas of society (such as knowledge and skills, paid work, economic standard of living, physical environment, and social connectedness) to be looked at. The NZCASS is designed to collect crime and safety information from individuals in selected households. This enables investigation across crime topics, populations, regions, and time. Details: Wellington, NZ: Statistics New Zealand, 2010. 47p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 25, 2010 at: http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/people_and_communities/crime_and_justice/crime-victimisation-patterns-nz.aspx Year: 2010 Country: New Zealand URL: http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/people_and_communities/crime_and_justice/crime-victimisation-patterns-nz.aspx Shelf Number: 120081 Keywords: Crime StatisticsVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: Titterington, Victoria B. Title: Elder Abuse Summary: This report focuses upon the criminal victimization experiences of persons age 60 or older. It is based upon the results of the 2005 and 2006 Texas Crime Victimization Surveys, administered by the Public Policy Research Institute at Texas A&M University (Crime Victims’ Institute 2005, 2006). The surveys in these two years resulted in a total of 1,466 respondents, 280 of whom were age 60 or older. Both the 2005 and 2006 surveys included questions related to property and violent crimes. Property crimes include theft, burglary, property damage and identity theft. Violent crime in this survey refers to various types of personal assault. In addition, the 2005 survey focused upon identity theft, and the 2006 survey focused on stalking. These surveys also included questions about respondents’ lifestyles and feelings of personal safety, as well as crime victims’ perceptions of police responses to reported victimization. Details: Houston, TX: Crime Victims' Institute, Criminal Justice Center, Sam Houston State University, 2010. 23p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 26, 2010 at: http://www.crimevictimsinstitute.org/documents/CVI_Elder_Abuse_Report_final.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://www.crimevictimsinstitute.org/documents/CVI_Elder_Abuse_Report_final.pdf Shelf Number: 120094 Keywords: Elder AbuseElderly VictimsVictimization Surveys |
Author: Page, Leon Title: 2009/10 Scottish Crime and Justice Survey: Main Findings Summary: The Scottish Crime and Justice Survey ( SCJS) is a large-scale continuous survey measuring people's experience and perceptions of crime in Scotland, based on 16,000 face-to-face interviews conducted annually with adults (aged 16 or over) living in private households in Scotland. Crime and victimisation surveys have been carried out in Scotland since the early 1980s. The current survey was launched in April 2008 as the Scottish Crime and Justice Survey ( SCJS) and represents a major shift in design and methodology from previous surveys, principally involving a large increase in sample size and a move to continuous interviewing using a rolling reference period for the victimisation module. As a result, care should be taken if comparing the results from the SCJS with sweeps from previous Scottish crime surveys. The increase in sample size enhances the statistical reliability of the estimates produced by the survey. The SCJS 2009/10 provides a complementary measure of crime compared with police recorded crime statistics. The survey provides information on the criminal justice system and on adults' experience of civil law problems and their perceptions and experience of crime. It also provides estimates of progress for two of the 45 national indicators in the Scottish Government's National performance framework. At the same time, the SCJS does not aim to provide an absolute count of crime and has notable exclusions. As with any survey, the results can only represent the experience of the adults in the sample who take part and the results, like the results of other sample-based surveys, are subject to sampling error. In spite of these limitations the results of the SCJS 2009/10 provide the best available indicator of rates of adult victimisation in Scotland. This report presents the initial findings from the SCJS 2009/10. It includes estimates for the majority of questions contained in the survey questionnaire and some simple one-to-one relationships between survey variables. The report does not include in-depth, multivariate statistical analysis that would explore the more complex underlying relationships within the data. Details: Edinburgh: Scottish Government Social Research, 2010. 184p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 15, 2010 at: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2010/11/01090437/0 Year: 2010 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2010/11/01090437/0 Shelf Number: 120516 Keywords: Crime Statistics (Scotland)Victimization Surveys |
Author: Harrell, Erika Title: Workplace Violence, 1993-2009 Summary: Presents information on violence in the workplace against employed persons based on the Bureau of Justice Statistics' National Crime Victimization Survey and the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. This report includes both nonfatal and fatal forms of violence. Comparisons are made with violence against unemployed persons and violence against employed persons outside of the workplace. Information on type of workplace violence is included. Also discussed is violence by occupation as well as information on victim and crime characteristics such as gender and race distribution, offender weapon use, police notification, and victim injury. Highlights include the following: From 2002 to 2009, the rate of nonfatal workplace violence has declined by 35%, following a 62% decline in the rate from 1993 to 2002; and Between 2005 and 2009, law enforcement officers, security guards, and bartenders had the highest rates of nonfatal workplace violence; Among workplace homicides that occurred between 2005 and 2009, about 28% involved victims in sales and related occupations and about 17% involved victims in protective service occupations. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2011. 18p. Source: Internet Resource: Special Report: Accessed April 8, 2011 at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/wv09.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/wv09.pdf Shelf Number: 121289 Keywords: Crime StatisticsVictimizationVictimization SurveysViolent CrimeWorkplace CrimeWorplace Violence |
Author: U.S. National Institute of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics Title: A Dialogue Between the Bureau of Justice Statistics and Key Criminal Justice Data Users Summary: In 2008 the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) convened a multidisciplinary workshop for professionals who use justice statistics. BJS asked participants — representatives from academia, court systems, victim advocacy, and law enforcement communities — to provide feedback about how they use BJS statistical information and to recommend ways that BJS could optimize the value of the data it collects and publishes. Four senior level researchers presented papers at the workshop, including: Current Issues in Victimization Research and the NCVS’s Ability to Study Them, by Lynn A. Addington; The Need for a National Civil Justice Survey of Incidence and Claiming Behavior, by Theodore Eisenberg and Henry Allen Mark; Improving Police Effectiveness and Transparency National Information Needs on Law Enforcement, by Brian Forst; and Understanding Violence Against Women Using the NCVS: What We Know and Where We Need to Go, by Karen Heimer. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2008. 156p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 28, 2008 at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/duw.cfm Year: 2008 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/duw.cfm Shelf Number: 121542 Keywords: Crime StatisticsCriminal CourtsCriminal Justice StatisticsPolice PerformanceVictimization SurveysViolence Against Women |
Author: DeVoe, Jill Title: Student Reports of Bullying and Cyber-Bullying: Results From the 2007 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey Summary: In school year 2006–07, some 8,166,000 U.S. students ages 12 through 18, or about 31.7 percent of all such students, reported they were bullied at school, and about 940,000, or about 3.7 percent, reported they were cyber-bullied anywhere (i.e., on or off school property). These Web Tables use data from the 2007 School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) 1 to show the extent to which bullying and cyber-bullying are reported by students with different personal characteristics. Estimates are included for the following student characteristics: student sex, race/ethnicity, grade, and household income. In addition, appended data from the 2006–07 Common Core of Data (CCD) and the 2007–08 Private School Universe Survey (PSS) show the extent to which bullying and cyber-bullying are reported by students in schools with different characteristics. School characteristics examined are region; sector (public or private); locale; level; enrollment size; student-to-full-time-equivalent (FTE) teacher ratio; percentage of combined American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian/Pacific Islander, Black/African American, and Hispanic/Latino students; and percentage of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. Further, the tables use the SCS data to show the relationship between bullying and cyber-bullying victimization and other variables of interest such as the reported presence of gangs, guns, drugs, and alcohol at school; select school security measures; student criminal victimization; and personal fear, avoidance behaviors, fighting, and weapon-carrying at school. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2011. 52p. Source: Internet Resource: NCES 2011 316: Accessed May 19, 2011 at: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2011/2011316.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2011/2011316.pdf Shelf Number: 121760 Keywords: CyberbullyingInternet CrimesSchool BullyingSchool CrimeSchool ViolenceVictimization Surveys |
Author: DeVoe, Jill Title: Student Reports of Bullying and Cyber-Bullying: Results From the 2009 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey Summary: These Web Tables use data from the 2009 School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) to show the relationship between bullying and cyber-bullying victimization and other variables of interest such as the reported presence of gangs, guns, drugs, and alcohol at school; select school security measures; student criminal victimization; and personal fear, avoidance behaviors, fighting, and weapon-carrying at school. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2011. 52p. Source: Internet Resource: NCES 2011-336: Accessed August 24, 2011 at: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2011/2011336.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2011/2011336.pdf Shelf Number: 122486 Keywords: CyberbullyingSchool Bullying (U.S.)School CrimeVictimization Surveys |
Author: Sweeney, Josh Title: Victimisation and Fear of Crime Among a Sample of Police Detainees: Findings from the DUMA Program Summary: This study examines the self-reported victimisation and fear of victimisation for three crime types — physical assault, burglary and motor vehicle theft — using data collected from 816 adult police detainees interviewed as part of the AIC’s DUMA program. Specifically, data were collected from alleged offenders who were detained and interviewed (but not yet convicted) during the second quarter of 2010 (April–June) at any one of the following eight DUMA data collection sites—Bankstown, Parramatta, Brisbane, Southport, East Perth, Adelaide, Footscray and Darwin. For each of the three offence types, detainees were asked to indicate the number of occasions they had been a victim in the past 12 months and whether they considered it likely or very likely that they would be a victim of the offence in the next 12 months. For those who reported being victims, questions were also designed to ascertain the victim’s knowledge of their offender and their willingness to report their victimisation to the police. To identify the extent to which police detainees reported higher or lower rates of victimisation when compared with the general population, comparative analysis was conducted using data from the Australian component of the 2004 ICVS. However, as the detainee population was predominately male and aged under 35 years, and because victimisation experiences are likely to vary by age and gender, weighting the data was necessary to ensure accurate and reliable comparisons. To this end, the ICVS data were weighted in proportion to the age and gender profile of the DUMA detainees. There are a number of limitations that should be considered when interpreting these results. First, it is important to note that DUMA is a voluntary self-report survey of alleged offenders detained by the police and as with all self-report surveys, the quality of the data is dependent on the truthfulness and reliability of the respondents. Second, the ICVS data used for comparative analysis was collected in 2004, some six years earlier than the data collected from police detainees. Although other more recent victimisation surveys have been conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), data with sufficient disaggregation by age and gender to allow for detailed data weighting and analysis are not available to the public. Further, unlike ICVS, the ABS surveys do not include comparable questions on the fear or expectations of victimisation; see Sweeney and Payne (forthcoming) for further methodological information about the DUMA program. Details: Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2011. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: Research in Practice, No. 17: Accessed September 2, 2011 at: http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/8/9/3/%7B8933D211-6500-4622-A82F-39AD291FE76E%7Drip17_001.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://www.aic.gov.au/documents/8/9/3/%7B8933D211-6500-4622-A82F-39AD291FE76E%7Drip17_001.pdf Shelf Number: 122623 Keywords: Fear of Crime (Australia)VictimizationVictimization SurveysVictims of Crimes |
Author: New Zealand. Ministry of Justice Title: The New Zealand Crime and Safety Survey 2009: Main Findings Report Summary: The New Zealand Crime and Safety Survey (NZCASS) provides information for researchers, policy makers and the public about the nature and extent of crime and victimisation in New Zealand. By talking to New Zealanders, the NZCASS attempts to show how much crime occurs, who experiences it and how victims respond. It also collects information about people’s perceptions of crime and the criminal justice system. This report presents the main findings of the 2009 survey and compares these against the results of the 2006 NZCASS. It also compares the survey data with the crime data collected by the New Zealand Police. Details: Welllington, NZ: Ministry of Justice, 2010. 174p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 6, 2011 at: http://www.justice.govt.nz/publications/global-publications/c/NZCASS-2009/publications/global-publications/c/NZCASS-2009/documents/The%20New%20Zealand%20Crime%20and%20Safety%20Survey%202009%20Main%20Findings%20Rep.pdf Year: 2010 Country: New Zealand URL: http://www.justice.govt.nz/publications/global-publications/c/NZCASS-2009/publications/global-publications/c/NZCASS-2009/documents/The%20New%20Zealand%20Crime%20and%20Safety%20Survey%202009%20Main%20Findings%20Rep.pdf Shelf Number: 122657 Keywords: Crime Statistics (New Zealand)Victimization Surveys |
Author: Brennan, Shannon Title: Violent Victimization of Aboriginal Women in the Canadian Provinces, 2009 Summary: In Canada, numerous programs and policies have been developed to address violence against women (Johnson and Dawson 2010; Status of Women Canada 2002). Despite these efforts, previous studies have shown that violence against women in Canada continues to be a persistent and ongoing problem, one that is compounded for Aboriginal women (Brzozowski 2006). Given these findings, it is important to differentiate between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women’s experiences of victimization, to better understand the extent of violence against Aboriginal women and the context in which it occurs. One source of information that can be used to measure violence against Aboriginal women in Canada is the General Social Survey (GSS) on Victimization. By asking respondents aged 15 years or older to recount their experiences of victimization, the GSS captures detailed information on criminal incidents that may or may not have been brought to the attention of police. Using GSS data from 2009, this article looks at the prevalence and nature of self-reported violence against Aboriginal women in the ten provinces. In addition, reporting of victimization to police, victims’ use of formal and informal support services, and the consequences of violent victimization are discussed. Finally, this report examines Aboriginal women’s perceptions of personal safety and their satisfaction with the criminal justice system. Details: Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 2011. 21p. Source: Internet Resource: Juristat Article: Accessed September 20, 2011 at: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2011001/article/11439-eng.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Canada URL: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2011001/article/11439-eng.pdf Shelf Number: 122794 Keywords: AboriginalsCrime StatisticsIndigenous PeoplesVictim ServicesVictimization SurveysVictims of CrimeViolence Against Women |
Author: Eith, Christine Title: Contacts between Police and the Public, 2008 Summary: This report presents findings from a nationally representative survey of nearly 60,000 residents age 16 or older about their contact with police during the 12 months prior to the interview. Interviews were conducted between July 1, 2008 and December 31, 2008 as a supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). This report offers detailed information on face-to-face contacts with the police, including the reason for and outcome of the contact, resident opinion on police behavior during the contact, and whether police used or threatened use of force during the contact. The report describes the demographic characteristics of residents involved in traffic stops and incidents in which the police used force. It also provides comparative analysis with prior survey findings. Highlights include the following: The percent of U.S. residents age 16 or older who had face-to-face contact with police declined from 2002 (21.0%) to 2005 (19.1%) and declined again in 2008 (16.9%). White (8.4%), black (8.8%), and Hispanic (9.1%) drivers were stopped by police at similar rates in 2008. Male drivers (9.9%) were stopped at higher rates than female drivers (7.0%). Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2011. 28p. Source: Internet Resource: Special Report: Accessed October 18, 2011 at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpp08.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpp08.pdf Shelf Number: 123055 Keywords: Police BehaviorPolice Use of ForcePolice-Citizen Interactions (U.S.)Police-Community RelationsPublic Opinion Towards PoliceVehicle StopsVictimization Surveys |
Author: Weatherburn, Don Title: Uses and abuses of crime statistics Summary: Large sections of the media habitually distort, misrepresent and exaggerate the facts on crime, argues this paper. Between 2000 and 2009, the Australian national murder rate fell by 39 per cent, the national robbery rate fell by 43 per cent, the national burglary rate fell by 55 per cent, the national motor vehicle theft rate fell by 62 per cent and all forms of other theft fell by 39 per cent. Australia is now into its 11th straight year of falling or stable crime rates. Property crime rates in some States are lower than they’ve been in more than 20 years. You might think this a cause for celebration but the vast majority of Australians still think crime is going up. The reason for this is fairly clear. Most people get their information about crime from the media—and large sections of the media habitually distort, misrepresent and exaggerate the facts on crime. The abuse of crime statistics is so common it has in some quarters engendered great skepticism about them. The saying there are ‘lies, damned lies and statistics’ is probably nowhere more frequently uttered than in the context of crime statistics. Yet whether we like them or not, crime statistics are here to stay. We have to make judgments about the prevalence of crime, about trends in crime, about the distribution of crime and about the impact of Government efforts to prevent and control crime. We cannot base these judgments on personal experience and anecdote. They have to be based on statistical information. The challenge facing those who produce and use crime statistics is how to do so in a way which is not misleading and which helps rather than hinders our understanding of crime. This bulletin is designed to help those unfamiliar with crime statistics to understand their uses and abuses. Details: Australia: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2011. Source: Crime and Justice Bulletin No. 153. Internet Resource: Acceessed on January 22, 2012 at http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/CJB153.pdf/$file/CJB153.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/CJB153.pdf/$file/CJB153.pdf Shelf Number: 123729 Keywords: CourtsCrime StatisticsMediaVictimization Surveys |
Author: Helweg-Larsen, Karin Title: Framework for Nordic youth surveys on child sexual abuse and exposure to violence outside and in the family. Summary: In June 2007 the Danish Crime Prevention Council (Det Kriminalpræventive Råd, DKR) engaged a group of Nordic researchers in a dialogue on the feasibility of setting up a framework for future surveys on violence and sexual abuse during childhood and early adolescence. The major objective was to promote research networking in order to create a basis for comparable studies in the five Nordic countries as a part of a joint Nordic project on violence "Violence and its reduction in the Nordic countries" (Våld och våldsreducering i Norden). Thereby, a solid foundation for prevention of sexual abuse and other violence against children would be achieved. By establishing a research network for a youth survey in different aspects of child violence in the Nordic countries, the aim was to encourage a joint Nordic framework. The Nordic researchers have agreed upon a survey model that may describe the current prevalence and character of child abuse and have tried to ensure future joint research projects on risk factors of child violence and abuse in the different Nordic countries based on comparable data. The present report describes the planning of a framework for youth surveys. In the report is documented the background for setting up school based youth surveys and the decisions taken by a working group. Details: Copenhagen, Denmark: Nordic Council of Ministers, TemaNord, 2009. 110p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed on January 23, 2012 at http://www.norden.org/en/publications/publikationer/2009-540/at_download/publicationfile Year: 2009 Country: Denmark URL: http://www.norden.org/en/publications/publikationer/2009-540/at_download/publicationfile Shelf Number: 123750 Keywords: Child AbuseChild Sexual AbuseDenmarkFinlandIcelandNorwaySwedenVictimization SurveysViolence |
Author: Takala, Jukka-Pekka Title: Looking at violence in the Nordic Countries: statistical sources, variations, improving measurement Summary: This report reviews and discusses violence statistics and their problems and possible improvements from various angles. The report is based on the work of the "statistical" subproject of the Nordic Project on Violence: "Violence and its reduction in the Nordic countries" (Våld och våldsreducering i Norden) financed by the Nordic Council of Ministers and carried out by the Nordic councils for crime prevention and the Scandinavian Research Council for Criminology. The Statistics Subproject was to look at three related but originally separate subprojects of the original overall plan: 1. To describe and compare violence with the help of extant statistics; 2. To chart variations in violence in the Nordic countries; 3. To develop instruments of measuring violence in intimate relations including violence in the family. With the resources available, the subproject was unable to carry out any of these tasks in a truly systematic and comprehensive manner. However, we hope that the variable material we were able to produce on all these themes can contribute to better accounting for violence and be of help when devising methods for preventing violence. The report describes levels and trends in violence. It touches on problems and solutions in their measurement. Some suggestions are tentative, others are more firmly established and the reader can turn to the research and web pages that are referred to in the reports. Details: Copenhagen, Denmark: Nordic Council of Ministers, TemaNord, 2009. 95p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed on January 23, 2012 at http://www.norden.org/sv/publikationer/publikationer/2009-542/at_download/publicationfile Year: 2009 Country: Denmark URL: http://www.norden.org/sv/publikationer/publikationer/2009-542/at_download/publicationfile Shelf Number: 123751 Keywords: DenmarkFinlandIcelandNorwaySwedenVictimization SurveysVictims of CrimeViolenceViolent Crimes |
Author: Langton, Lynn Title: Identity Theft Reported by Households, 2005-2010 Summary: Presents data on the nature of and trends in identity theft victimization among U.S. households from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). The NCVS defines identity theft as the misuse or attempted misuse of an existing credit card or another existing account or the misuse of personal information to open a new account or for other fraudulent purposes. Findings are based on experiences of all household members age 12 or older as reported by the head of household. The data brief examines changes in the percentage of households experiencing identity theft from 2005 to 2010. It describes differences in the types of identity theft experienced by households in 2010 compared to 2005, as well as changes in the demographic characteristics of victimized households. The brief also presents estimates on the monetary losses attributed to household victims of identity theft. Highlights include the following: In 2010, 7.0% of households in the United States, or about 8.6 million households, had at least one member age 12 or older who experienced one or more types of identity theft victimization. Among households in which at least one member experienced one or more types of identity theft, 64.1% experienced the misuse or attempted misuse of an existing credit card account in 2010. From 2005 to 2010, the percentage of all households with one or more type of identity theft that suffered no direct financial loss increased from 18.5% to 23.7%. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2011. 11p. Source: Crime Data Brief. Internet Resource: Accessed on January 26, 2012 at http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/itrh0510.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/itrh0510.pdf Shelf Number: 123772 Keywords: Credit Card FraudCrime StatisticsIdentity Theft (U.S.)Victimization Surveys |
Author: Helweg-Larsen, Karin Title: The costs of violence: Economic and personal dimensions of violence against women in Denmark Summary: The aim of the project "The Cost of Violence" has been to give an evidence-based assessment of the various types of costs of violence against women based on available data sources. The comprehensive Danish register-based data and data from population surveys carried out in 2000 and 2005 by the National Institute of Public Health enable us to identify a study population of women exposed to violence and a reference population of other Danish women not identified as victims of violence. For these two groups, we have gathered data on their socioeconomic conditions, contacts with the healthcare and selected labour market consequences. We have calculated the costs to the judicial system related to police-reported violence against women on the basis of exact information on, among others, time consumption within the police, the prosecution and courts combined with specific salary and court imposts, as well as costs of imprisonment and court fees. Information on the costs of violence-exposed women staying at women's crisis centers is based on shelter rates and number of stays per year. The costs to society also include the national budget for a number of initiatives started under the Danish national action plans to fight violence against women, 2002-2009. Estimates of the personal costs to violence-exposed women are included, but they depend greatly on a number of known and unknown psychosocial factors. Victims of domestic violence are different, and the violence which has led to contact with the health services and/or reporting to the police is different from the violence reported in population surveys. Consequently, it is not possible to unambiguously describe "victims of violence," and it is impossible accurately to assess the impact of violence to the individual women in the form of pain and suffering, long-lasting health problems and social changes. But on the basis of our analyses we are able to present estimates that show the average impact on women's health-related quality of life, years of healthy life lost and mortality. Violence manifests itself in many ways; it hits women from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and in various life situations. The impact of violence depends on a large number of parameters, including the nature of violence, the woman's relations with the assailant, support from others and the vulnerability of the individual woman, social networks as well as other psychosocial factors. Details: Copenhagen, Denmark: National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 2010. 26p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed on January 28, 2012 at http://www.niph.dk/upload/summary_the_cost_of_violence-samlet.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Denmark URL: http://www.niph.dk/upload/summary_the_cost_of_violence-samlet.pdf Shelf Number: 123853 Keywords: Crime StatisticsHealth CareVictimization SurveysViolence Against Women (Denmark) |
Author: Casey, Timothy Title: Not Enough: What TANF Offers Family Violence Victims Summary: Domestic violence and poverty are intersecting issues. Significant numbers1 of women2 living in poverty are battered and the violence they experience can make the climb out of poverty unattainable. Poverty, in turn, can make it impossible to escape violence or deal with its effects. To be safe, victims need to be free from the violence and control of those who abuse them, but they must also be able to meet their basic human needs. Some studies have found that over half of the women receiving public assistance (“welfare”) have reported being battered.3 This paper reports on a recent national survey documenting both the importance of the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program to victims of family violence, and difficulties victims may encounter when seeking assistance from TANF.4 Survey responses show that some victims in some places are getting the TANF resources – a financial bridge to safety – that they need. In these instances, TANF often represents the difference between safety and continued violence for a victim and her children. Unfortunately though, the survey data also reveals a different reality – one marked by bureaucratic black holes, indifferent or even hostile staff, inadequate benefits, rules and practices that effectively bar victims from needed assistance, and in some circumstances, mandates and errors that put victims in more danger than before they sought help. For too many victims, TANF does not provide what they need to be safe. It is not enough. Details: New York: Legal Momentum, 2010. 39p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 10, 2012 at Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 124071 Keywords: Domestic ViolencePovertyVictimization Surveys |
Author: Brennan, Shannon Title: Canadians' perceptions of personal safety and crime, 2009 Summary: The effects of crime are vast and varied, and may result in many physical, financial, and emotional consequences for those directly involved. Moreover, the effects of crime can extend beyond victims (Jackson 2006, Gardner 2008). Previous research has shown that indirect exposure to crime can impact feelings of security within entire communities, and may create a fear of crime. Fear of crime refers to the fear, rather than the probability, of being a victim of crime, and may not be reflective of the actual prevalence of crime (Fitzgerald 2008). Self-reported victimization data have shown that, in Canada, rates of victimization have remained stable over the past decade (Perreault and Brennan 2010). In the same vein, police-reported data has shown decreases in both the amount and severity of crime, with the crime rate reaching its lowest point since 1973 (Brennan and Dauvergne 2011). Despite these findings, crime continues to remain an issue of concern for many Canadians. Using data from the 2009 General Social Survey (GSS) on Victimization, this Juristat article examines the perceptions of personal safety and crime of Canadians 15 years and older living in the 10 provinces. More specifically, it looks at their overall level of satisfaction with their personal safety from crime over time at the national, provincial and census metropolitan area levels. In addition, this article examines Canadians’ feelings of safety when performing various activities in their communities, and their use of crime prevention techniques in the previous 12 months. Finally, Canadians’ perceptions of the prevalence of crime and social disorder in their neighbourhoods are explored. Details: Canada: Statistics Canada, Minister of Industry, 2011. 21p. Source: Juristat article: Internet Resource: Accessed February 17, 2012 at http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2011001/article/11577-eng.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Canada URL: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2011001/article/11577-eng.pdf Shelf Number: 124159 Keywords: Fear of Crime (Canada)NeighborhoodsPublic SafetyVictimizationVictimization Surveys |
Author: Franklyn, Ramona Title: Satisfaction and willingness to engage with the Criminal Justice System - Findings from the Witness and Victim Experience Survey, 2009-10 Summary: Ensuring that victims and witnesses are supported to participate in the Criminal Justice System (CJS) and are satisfied with their contact with the CJS is important for the delivery of justice. This report examines the experiences and perceptions of victims and witnesses involved in cases of violence against the person, robbery, burglary, criminal damage and theft and handling stolen goods in which someone was charged. It provides an overview of their experiences, before examining the factors most strongly associated with victim and witness satisfaction and their willingness to engage with the CJS again in future. The findings are based on analyses of the Witness and Victim Experience Survey (WAVES), a large-scale survey of such victims and witnesses, undertaken in England and Wales. Details: London: Ministry of Justice, 2012. 116p. Source: Ministry of Justice Research Series 1/12: Internet Resource: Accessed February 21, 2012 at http://www.justice.gov.uk/downloads/publications/research-and-analysis/moj-research/satisfaction-willingness-to-engage-with-cjs.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.justice.gov.uk/downloads/publications/research-and-analysis/moj-research/satisfaction-willingness-to-engage-with-cjs.pdf Shelf Number: 124213 Keywords: Police-Community RelationsPublic OpinionVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime (U.K.)Witnesses |
Author: U.S. Federal Trade Commission Title: Using FACTA Remedies: An FTC Report on a Survey of Identity Theft Victims Summary: The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) maintains a longstanding and comprehensive program to combat identity theft. The FTC enforces a variety of laws requiring entities to protect consumer information and ensure that such information does not fall into the hands of identity thieves or other unauthorized persons. For example, the FTC enforces the Safeguards Rule under the Gramm-Leach Bliley Act; the Fair Credit Reporting Act; and the FTC Act's proscription against unfair and deceptive acts or practices in cases where a business makes false or misleading claims about its data security procedures, or where its failure to employ reasonable security measures causes or is likely to cause substantial consumer injury that is not reasonably avoidable by consumers and not outweighed by countervailing benefits. Since 2001, the Commission has brought 35 law enforcement actions to ensure that businesses implement reasonable safeguards to protect the consumer information they maintain. In addition, the FTC manages the Identity Theft Clearinghouse, a secure online database of identity theft-related complaints, and analyzes this data to target consumer education efforts and assist criminal law enforcers. The FTC also disseminates consumer education materials on identity theft, both directly and through public and private sector partners. To further combat the problem of identity theft, in 2007, then-President Bush established an Identity Theft Task Force to craft a comprehensive national strategy. The Task Force issued a strategic plan, making over 30 recommendations for improving the federal identity theft strategy. One of the recommendations was that the agencies involved in enforcing the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) assess the impact and effectiveness of the rights established by Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 (FACTA) through the use of surveys. FACTA gives consumers the right to: place fraud alerts with the consumer reporting agencies (CRAs); request a free credit report from each of the three national CRAs (Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion) when placing a fraud alert; block fraudulent information from appearing in their credit reports; receive a notice of these and other rights from the CRAs. Accordingly, the FTC conducted a survey of consumers who had contacted the FTC to report that they were victims of identity theft. The survey was designed to determine these consumers' general satisfaction with utilizing their FACTA rights and to examine the types of problems and issues they encountered while doing so. Because almost all of the FACTA rights involve the CRAs, which maintain consumer credit files, the survey focused largely on the victims' interactions with the CRAs. This report summarizes the FTC staff's methodology in carrying out this survey, the results of the survey, and recommendations for further steps to assist consumers in utilizing their FACTA rights. Details: Washington, DC: Federal Trade Commission, 2012. 73p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 13, 2012 at http://www.ftc.gov/os/2012/03/factareport.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: http://www.ftc.gov/os/2012/03/factareport.pdf Shelf Number: 124516 Keywords: Consumer FraudIdentity Theft (U.S.)Victimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: The African Child Policy Forum Title: Violence Against Children in Ethiopia: In Their Words Summary: A large proportion of children, our beloved children, are vicitms of violence everyday around the world. This is especially true in Ethiopia, where approximately 99 percent of the children polled in this study said they had encountered violence in their home, school or community. Physical and humiliating punishment is a violation of children’s fundamental human rights. The violence needs to end. We should all be involved, including children, in the eradication of violence. For this reason, the role of children in protecting those rights is crucial for effective research, advocacy and policy-making. Child participation is one of the basic principles under Article 12 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, which underlines the right of children to express their views in all matters affecting them. This study – one of three that researched violence against children in Ethiopia – illustrates the participatory research done with Ethiopian children on physical punishment and psychological humiliation that have been committed against them. The children’s views and experiences were central in the research for all the studies. Particularly this study, where children were the lead source of information. The high degree of child participation at every stage is among the distinguishing features of these studies. The issue of violence against children and their entitlement to be protected from it is beginning to receive global attention. In light of this, The African Child Policy Forum in collaboration with Save the Children Sweden, conducted research to collect information on violence against children across Ethiopia. The study is written from the child’s view point, looking at how physical, psychological and sexual violence affects them. As well as being respondents, the children also participated as advisors and co-researchers. The research targeted Addis Ababa and the regional states of Oromia, Amhara, Tigray and the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State (SNNPRS). It focused on physical, psychological and sexual violence against children at home, in schools and in the community. This study used qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. The respondents to the study were school children, street children, orphans, children in foster institutions and children with disabilities. In order to address the ethical implications of asking children to recall their experiences of sexual violence, only young adults between the ages of 18 and 24, were asked to respond to that part of the study. Overall, 1873 children participated in the study. The findings of the study showed that children had their own way of understanding violence, which differed significantly from adults. While a large proportion of adults considered physical and humiliating punishments as acceptable ways to discipline a child, children recognised these types of punishments as excessive and unacceptable. In general, they stated that violence is an act that causes harm to them. The children further indicated that while violence was widespread, the primary settings for physical and psychological violence were at home and in school. In addition, the children acknowledged the prevalence of sexual violence in the community. Regarding the acceptability of violence, children felt that mild forms of physical and psychological violence were tolerable. They clearly stated, however, that sexual violence and grave physical punishments were objectionable and unacceptable. All three studies revealed that a large proportion of adults used severe punishment as a principal approach to teaching children how to behave. Many of the children in the study, however, were not positive about the effectiveness of violence exercised as discipline. In fact, more than 70 percent of them responded that they learned nothing from such punishments. Rather, they indicated advising and other non-violent means to be more effective. The children indicated that violence has a negative impact on their social, physical and mental well-being. They said in the interviews and polling that violence made them feel anger, fear, hatred, depression, vengeance, confusion and helplessness. In the study, 63.4 percent of children who were interviewed said that they considered violence against children as a human rights issue. It is imperative the children are empowered to include themselves in the process and that their voices are heard. Using the children’s suggestions and their stories, the study recommends measures aimed at creating awareness; law reform and effective enforcement of existing laws; establishing mechanisms for effectively reporting violence; systematic data collection from children; providing support to victims of violence; and enhancing child participation in research and decision-making activities. Details: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: The African Child Policy Forum, 2006. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 21, 2012 at http://www.crin.org/docs/acpf_eth_words.pdf Year: 2006 Country: Ethiopia URL: http://www.crin.org/docs/acpf_eth_words.pdf Shelf Number: 124641 Keywords: Children, Crimes Against (Ethiopia)Sexual Violence (Ethiopia)Victimization SurveysViolence Against Children (Ethiopia) |
Author: Contreras, Manuel Title: Bridges to Adulthood: Understanding the Lifelong Influence of Men's Childhood Experiences of Violence Summary: Great numbers of men report experiencing violence as children and these experiences have significant lifelong effects, according to the new analysis of the International Men and Gender Equality Survey (IMAGES) dataset included in this report. Adult men who were victims or witnesses of domestic violence as children, for instance, likely come to accept violence as a conflict-resolving tactic not only in intimate partnerships but also in their wider lives. Experiences of violence as children can also in their wider lives. Experiences of violence as children can also significantly influence how men relate to their partners and children and whether they show more or less gender-equitable attitudes. Men who experience violence as children as also consistently more likely to report low self-esteem and regular experiences of depression. Using IMAGES data from six countries (Brazil, Chile, Croatia, India, Mexico, and Rwanda), this report explores the prevalence and nature of violence against children as well as its potential lifelong effects. The report expands understanding of these issues by examining data from low- and middle-income countries, by analyzing men's reports of experiencing and perpetrating violence, and by examining broad categories of lifelong effects. Details: Washington, DC: International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) and Rio de Janerio: Instituto Promundo, 2012. 48p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 28, 2012 at http://www.promundo.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Bridges-to-Adulthood.pdf Year: 2012 Country: International URL: http://www.promundo.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Bridges-to-Adulthood.pdf Shelf Number: 125088 Keywords: Domestic Violence (Brazil, Chile, Croatia, India, Male Victims (Brazil, Chile, Croatia, India, MexicVictimization Surveys |
Author: Smith, Erica Title: Violent Crime against the Elderly Reported by Law Enforcement in Michigan, 2005-2009 Summary: This report presents statistics about violent victimization of persons age 65 or older reported by law enforcement agencies into the FBI's National Incident Based Reporting System from 2005 to 2009. The report describes characteristics of known violent victimizations perpetrated against the elderly in Michigan over the 5-year period, including location and time of day the violence occurred, involvement of weapons, victim-offender relationships, and the percentage of reported violent victimizations of the elderly that resulted in an arrest. It also compares patterns of elder victimization with patterns of victimization of younger persons. Population-based rates of violent victimization are also presented. Highlights include the following: Half (49.5%) of violent victimizations of the elderly known to law enforcement in Michigan involved serious violence— murder, rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and kidnapping. More than a third of violent victimizations of elderly women (37.8%) involved the victim's child or grandchild, compared to less than a quarter of victimizations of elderly men (22.5%). The rate of reported violence against elderly men (247.7 per 100,000 males age 65 or older) was 1.4 times higher than the rate for elderly women (172.9 per 100,000 women age 65 or older). Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2012. 16p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 7, 2012 at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/vcerlem0509.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/vcerlem0509.pdf Shelf Number: 125494 Keywords: Elder Abuse (Michigan)Elderly VictimsVictimization Surveys |
Author: Truman, Jennifer L. Title: Prevalence of Violent Crime among Households with Children, 1993-2010 Summary: Presents data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) on nonfatal violent crime involving members of a household as victims and reports on the annual prevalence of that violent crime among U.S. households with children from 1993 to 2010. The report estimates the number of children age 17 or younger living in households in which at least one household member age 12 or older experienced violent crime during a given year. As defined in NCVS, nonfatal violent victimizations include rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault. Estimates of the number of children are provided by age of children (ages 0 to 11 and ages 12 to 17), type of crime, and location of the crime. The report also examines households that experienced violent crime by whether children lived in the household, type of crime, and location of the crime. Data on victimized households by type, composition, and characteristic are also presented. Details: Washington, DC: Office of Justice Programs, 2012. 18p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 23, 2012 at http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/pvchc9310.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/pvchc9310.pdf Shelf Number: 126407 Keywords: FamiliesVictimization SurveysViolent Crime |
Author: Catalano, Shannan Title: Stalking Victims in the United States - Revised Summary: Presents findings on victims of nonfatal stalking in the U.S., based on the largest data collection of such behavior to date. Data were collected in a supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and sponsored by the Office on Violence Against Women (OVW). Topics covered in the report include stalking and harassment prevalence by demographic characteristics, duration of stalking and harassment, and the nature of behaviors experienced by victims. Details: Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2012. 10p. Source: Special Report NCJ224527: Internet Resource: Accessed October 7, 2012 at http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/svus_rev.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/svus_rev.pdf Shelf Number: 126579 Keywords: HarassmentStalkingVictimization SurveysVictims of Crime |
Author: Catalano, Shannan Title: Intimate Partner Violence, 1993-2010 Summary: This report presents data on nonfatal intimate partner violence among U.S. households from 1993 to 2010. Intimate partner violence includes rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault by a current or former spouse, boyfriend, or girlfriend. This report presents trends in intimate partner violence by sex, and examines intimate partner violence against women by the victim’s age, race and Hispanic origin, marital status, and household composition. Data are from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), which collects information on nonfatal crimes reported and not reported to the police from a nationally representative sample of U.S. households. Highlights: From 1994 to 2010, the overall rate of intimate partner violence in the United States declined by 64%, from 9.8 victimizations per 1,000 persons age 12 or older to 3.6 per 1,000. Intimate partner violence declined by more than 60% for both males and females from 1994 to 2010. From 1994 to 2010, about 4 in 5 victims of intimate partner violence were female. Females ages 18 to 24 and 25 to 34 generally experienced the highest rates of intimate partner violence. Compared to every other age group, a smaller percentage of female victims ages 12 to 17 were previously victimized by the same offender. The rate of intimate partner violence for Hispanic females declined 78%, from 18.8 victimizations per 1,000 in 1994 to 4.1 per 1,000 in 2010. Females living in households comprised of one female adult with children experienced intimate partner violence at a rate more than 10 times higher than households with married adults with children and 6 times higher than households with one female only. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2012. 17p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 28, 2012 at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=4536 Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=4536 Shelf Number: 127013 Keywords: Abused WivesAbusive MenCrime StatisticsFamily ViolenceIntimate Partner Violence (U.S.)Victimization SurveysVictims of CrimeViolence Against Women |
Author: Levi, Michael Title: eCrime Reduction Partnership Mapping Study Summary: High quality data on eCrimes are hard to find, both nationally and internationally. This makes rational policy decisions for both public and private sectors – which anyway are interdependent in both directions – even more difficult than they would otherwise be, as nation states grapple falteringly with transnational crimes and with transnational legal processes, priorities and scarce resources. • The majority of eCrime data collection practices adopt sub-standard methodologies that produce a very partial picture of the problem. Large government surveys, such as the Crime Survey for England and Wales (formerly the British Crime Survey), the Offending, Crime and Justice Survey and Commercial Victimisation Survey only intermittently include questions that relate directly to eCrimes, though the CSEW and the Scottish Crime and Justice Survey have looked regularly at card and identity crimes, and fear of them, and have found that identity thefts arouse more concern than do other crimes. Identity thefts can occur offline, but it seems plausible that when responding, people will be thinking about online data ‘theft’ from hacking or social engineering. eCrime questions in European surveys, such as the Community Surveys on ICT Usage, have been found to be unreliable. Vendor sources, such as private security surveys, are often based on breach data identified by vendor software, resulting in partial datasets. Official criminal justice related datasets rely on both reported and officially recorded incidents of eCrimes, while even good administrative data in the private sector (e.g. UK Payments, CIFAS Fraud Prevention Service) cannot avoid excluding unidentified eFrauds (for example in the large category of ‘bad debt’). In the UK only the Oxford Internet Surveys and the Information Security Breaches Survey (pre-2010) produce eCrimes data that are of gold-standard methodologically: however neither of them survey or estimate direct or indirect economic losses from eCrimes. • The introduction of security breach notification requirements to some UK public and private sector organisations in May 20111 may provide a more robust evidence base on eCrimes breaches. It is however too early to assess the quality of this new data stream that is only recently under the coordination of the Office of Communications (Ofcom) and the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO). • Based on the best data available, an upward trend is evident for both domestic and business related eCrimes. The Information Security Breaches Survey (2010) indicates a sharp upward trend in all business eCrimes compared to 2008 data. While less extreme, the upward trend in domestic data as recorded by the Oxford Internet Survey (2011) applies to all eCrimes other than obscenity. • Independent of actual levels of fraud, there is high public anxiety about eCrimes, and such anxieties require ‘reassurance policing’ that contains both real responses to experienced crimes and a range of public and third party measures to guide sound as well as just profitable risk-reduction practices. Details: Cardiff, Wales: Cardiff Centre for Crime, Law and Justice Cardiff School of Social Sciences, 2012. 85p. Source: Iinternet Resource: Accessed November 28, 2012 at: http://dpalliance.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/20120910-eCrime_Reduction_Partnership_Mapping_Study.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://dpalliance.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/20120910-eCrime_Reduction_Partnership_Mapping_Study.pdf Shelf Number: 127027 Keywords: Computer Crime (U.K.)Computer FraudCrime SurveysIdentity TheftVictimization SurveysWhite-Collar Crime |
Author: Truman, Jennifer L. Title: Criminal Victimization, 2011 Summary: This report presents 2011 estimates of rates and levels of criminal victimization in the U.S. This bulletin includes violent victimization (rape or sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault) and property victimization (burglary, motor vehicle theft, and property theft). It describes the annual change from 2010 and analyzes 10-year trends from 2002 through 2011. The bulletin includes estimates of domestic violence, intimate partner violence, and injury and use of weapons in violent victimization. It also describes the characteristics of victims. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) collects information on nonfatal crimes, reported and not reported to the police, against persons age 12 or older from a nationally representative sample of U.S. households. During 2011, about 79,800 households and 143,120 persons were interviewed for the NCVS. Details: Washington, DC: Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2012. 15p. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin: Internet Resource: Accessed December 21, 2012 at http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv11.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United States URL: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv11.pdf Shelf Number: 127253 Keywords: Crime StatisticsProperty CrimeVictimization SurveysVictims of CrimesViolent Crime |
Author: Kolbe, Athena R. Title: The Economic Costs of Violent Crime in Urban Haiti. Results from Monthly Household Surveys, August 2011- July 2012 Summary: Crime and victimization are amongst the most pressing concerns cited by Haitian citizens today. Surveys conducted on a monthly basis between August 2011 and July 2012 indicate that violent crime is increasingly common, particularly in the densely packed `popular` zones of Haiti’s largest urban centers. Paradoxically, in spite of increased international investment in restoring the capacities of the Haitian National Police, ordinary Haitians struggle to access basic policing services. This Strategic Brief is the second of a series that features findings from longitudinal surveys using random sampling methods. The assessment is focused principally on households residing in urban areas of Port-au-Prince, Les Cayes, Cap Haitien, Gonaives, St. Marc, Jacmel and Leogane. All respondents were randomly selected and surveyed about their experiences with crime, their quality of life, and their ability to access basic services such as health care. Taken together, these surveys also demonstrate the serious economic costs of insecurity amongst ordinary Haitians. The findings of the Strategic Brief are: • The crude murder rate for Port-au-Prince increased from 60.9 to 76.2 murders per 100,000 between February and July 2012, with residents of “popular zones” being 40 times more likely to be murdered than other urban dwellers. • The costs of a physical or sexual assault on a household member amounts to roughly 20 per cent of the household’s annual income while a murder can leave households with expenses that are 5.5 times the annual average annual income. • Children are particularly vulnerable to adverse outcomes after the victimization of a household member. When compared with children from households not experiencing crime, victimized children were more likely to be sent to live with other families as restaveks (unpaid domestic servants), to experience food insecurity, and to be forced to withdraw from school. • Funeral and burial costs averaged USD $4,958.70. Nearly all of the households surveyed took out loans to pay for the costs of the funeral; the interest charged on loans from moneylenders and morticians ranged from 50-150 per cent. • Reports of police bribes increased between A A ugust 2011 and July 2012. Nearly 25 per cent of victims of physical assaults and 19 per cent of victims of property crime said they were asked for or paid a bribe to police to facilitate the progress of their case. • More than half of sexual assault victims and household members who tried to report the crime to the police complained that officers refused to make a report or tried to dissuade the victim or family members from doing so. Roughly 12 per cent of sexual assault victims reported paying or being asked for bribes by police; the average bribe given was 1,209 gourdes (SD: 744.3 gourdes), about USD $30. Details: Rio de Janeiro: Igarape Institute, 2012. 13p. Source: Internet Resource: Strategic Note 2: Accessed March 20, 2013 at: http://igarape.org.br/wp-content/themes/igarape_v2/pdf/Strategic_Note_2.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Haiti URL: http://igarape.org.br/wp-content/themes/igarape_v2/pdf/Strategic_Note_2.pdf Shelf Number: 128045 Keywords: Costs of CrimeCrime Statistics (Haiti)HomicidesMurdersVictimization SurveysViolent Crime |
Author: Kolbe, Athena R. Title: Haiti's Urban Crime Wave? Results from Monthly Household Surveys August 2011 - February 2012 Summary: Haiti exhibited a dramatic escalation in criminal violence with Haitians reporting declining confidence in police institutions during the last six months (August 2011 to February 2012). For the first time since 2007, the incidence of violent crime and victimization has shown a consistent increase, and confidence in public institutions appears to be dropping quickly. Random household surveys conducted on a monthly basis between August 2011 and February 2012 indicate that violent crime is increasingly common, particularly over the past few months in the densely packed ‘popular’ zones of Haiti’s largest urban centers. This assessment is based on a longitudinal survey using random sampling methods. Specifically, households in the urban areas of Port-au-Prince, Les Cayes, Cap Haitien, Gonaives, St. Marc, Jacmel and Leogane were randomly selected and surveyed about their experiences with criminality and faith in public institutions. The survey sought to measure their exposure to insecurity and opinions regarding future safety. Collectively, these surveys demonstrate an increasing dissatisfaction with the government of Haiti after five years of growing confidence as well as fears that political uncertainty and turmoil will increase crime. The preliminary findings of the assessment are: • The number of reported homicides across all urban settings increased considerably between November 2011 and February 2012. Half of the reported murders occurred during armed robbery or attempted armed robbery. While Port-au-Prince’s overall homicide is low in comparaison to other Caribbean cities, this nevertheless represents a rate of 60.9 per 100,000, one of the highest recorded rates since 2004; • Property crime increased dramatically between October 2011 and February 2012. These property crimes often entailed the theft of modest amounts of cash and personal assets such as mobile phones; • Residents of low-income popular zones were more likely to be victims of crime than others. For instance, in January 2011, residents of these areas were 20 times more likely to be subjected to a property crime, 18 times more likely to be physically assaulted and 27 times more likely to be sexually assaulted than residents in wealthier and less densely populated areas; • Complaints of police misconduct, including being asked for bribes and sexual harassment by uniformed officers, increased during the study period. For the first time since 2007, overall support for the Haitian National Police is on the decline with residents expressing concerns that police are unable or unwilling to protect them from crime. Since November 2011, there has been a marked deterioration in public support for the police. Details: Rio de Janeiro: Igarape Institute, 2012. 9p. Source: Internet Resource: Strategic Note 2: Accessed March 20, 2013 at: http://igarape.org.br/wp-content/themes/igarape_v2/pdf/Strategic_Note_1.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Haiti URL: http://igarape.org.br/wp-content/themes/igarape_v2/pdf/Strategic_Note_1.pdf Shelf Number: 128046 Keywords: HomicidesMurdersUrban AreasVictimization SurveysViolent Crime (Haiti) |
Author: Walters, Jennifer Hardison Title: Household Burglary, 1994-2011 Summary: This report presents rates and trends in household burglary from 1993 to 2011. The report explores overall trends in household burglary and examines patterns in completed household burglary by type and value of items stolen, percentage of burglaries reported to the police and insurance companies, and police response. It also describes the characteristics of victimized households. Data are from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), which collects information on nonfatal crimes, reported and not reported to the police, from a nationally representative sample of U.S. households. Highlights: The rate of household burglary decreased 56% from 1994 to 2011, from a peak of 63.4 victimizations per 1,000 U.S. households in 1994 to 27.6 victimizations per 1,000 households in 2011. From 1994 to 2011, the rate of completed burglary decreased by at least half across households headed by persons of all races and Hispanic origin. Among all completed burglaries, those involving the theft of an electronic device or household appliance increased from 28% in 2001 to 34% in 2011. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2013. 18p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed June 26, 2013 at: http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/hb9411.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/hb9411.pdf Shelf Number: 129184 Keywords: Crime StatisticsHousehold Burglary (U.S.)Property CrimesVictimization Surveys |
Author: Shively, Michael Title: Understanding Trends in Hate Crimes Against Immigrants and Hispanic-Americans Summary: Over the past decade, substantial public attention has been directed toward the possibility that anti-immigrant rhetoric and legislation might be associated with an increase in hate crime in the United States against immigrants and those of Hispanic origin. Recent speculation about whether levels of hate crime are rising or falling, and what may be causing any observed trend, frequently arise in response to new incidents. Moreover, the speculation about hate crime trends applies across a wide range of groups that are known to be targeted for crimes motivated by hate or bias. Answers to questions about trends and why they occur have important implications for policy and practice. For example, if rising levels of hate crime are occurring in a region and targeting certain populations, resources can be deployed where they are most needed, and at appropriate levels. If specific populations are being targeted, culturally competent victim services and law enforcement responses can be tailored to serve those populations. To effectively respond to rising levels of hate crimes and to determine what may be causing the trend, it must first be established that the trend exists. While conceptually simple, it is technically challenging to distinguish random or insignificant variations that occur in any time-series from substantial, statistically significant changes over time. Establishing the significance of trends requires time-series data with: Measures and data collection methods used consistently over time; Reliable measurement of the variables of interest (e.g., ethnicity, race, sexual orientation of victim or respondent); Numbers of incidents sufficient to provide statistical power; and Coverage of geographic areas of interest. Prior to the 1990s, the ability to measure trends in hate crime was limited to a few municipalities where data were collected. Since the passage of the Hate Crime Statistics Act in 1990, substantial public investments have been made to develop data streams, including annual victimization surveys and collections of reported crimes and arrests. While much can be learned about hate crime from information gathered through Federal data collection programs, these time-series collections have not been examined to assess whether the data can support the study of a number of issues, including the detection of significant trends in hate crimes against specific groups. Fundamental questions remain to be answered, including whether the data contained in the major Federal hate crime data collection systems (primarily, the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), and National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) or other data streams (such as the School Crime Supplement (SCS) of the NCVS, and the School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) are adequate to: Estimate hate crime trends nationally, or within any state, across all hate crime types; Assess whether trends exist in hate crimes against immigrants and those whose ethnicity is classified as Hispanic; Serve as a foundation for research on the causes and consequences of hate crime; and Support evaluations of interventions meant to prevent or effectively respond to the problem. To answer such questions, the study featured: An examination of each of the major national time-series datasets (e.g., UCR, NIBRS, NCVS); Seeking additional data sources that could be used to corroborate or supplement the national data collections; Analysis of each database, examining whether trends can be modeled and tested to determine statistical significance; and Gathering qualitative input from expert researchers and practitioners regarding study findings and recommendations. Details: Cambridge, MA: Abt Associates, 2013. 175p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 17, 2014 at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/244755.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/244755.pdf Shelf Number: 131953 Keywords: Crime StatisticsCrime TrendsHate CrimesHispanicsImmigrantsMinoritiesVictimization Surveys |
Author: Xie, Min Title: Violent Victimization in New and Established Hispanic Areas, 20072010 Summary: Examines violent victimization rates by victims' race and ethnicity within four Hispanic areas from 2007 to 2010. Hispanic areas are classified based on their historical Hispanic population and the growth in their Hispanic population between 1980 and 2001. This includes established slow growth areas established fast growth areas new emerging Hispanic areas small Hispanic areas. The report describes Hispanic, white, and black violent victimization rates in each area by age and sex. Highlights: From 1980 to 2010, the Hispanic population increased 246%, compared to 44% for non-Hispanic blacks and 9% for non-Hispanic whites. From 2007 to 2010, new Hispanic areas had a lower overall rate of violent victimization compared to small Hispanic areas that had relatively little growth in Hispanic populations. Unlike blacks and whites, Hispanics experienced higher rates of violent victimization in new Hispanic metropolitan areas (26 per 1,000) than in other areas (16 to 20 per 1,000). Hispanics ages 18 to 34 exhibited the largest variation in victimization rates by type of area. Those in new Hispanic areas experienced violence at higher rates than those in established and small Hispanic areas. Among all age groups, new Hispanic areas did not show statistically significant higher rates of violent victimization for non-Hispanic white and black residents. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2014. 18p. Source: Internet Resource: Special Report: Accessed September 15, 2014 at: http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/vvneha0710.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/vvneha0710.pdf Shelf Number: 133326 Keywords: Hispanics Minorities Victimization Victimization Rates Victimization SurveysViolent Crime (U.S.) |
Author: Berzofsky, Marcus Title: Measuring Socioeconomic Status (SES) in the NCVS: Background, Options, and Recommendations Summary: The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is the most important source of information on criminal victimization in the United States. Each year, data from a nationally representative sample of about 40,000 households comprising nearly 75,000 persons are obtained on the frequency, characteristics, and consequences of criminal victimization. The survey enables the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) to estimate the likelihood of experiencing rape, sexual assault, robbery, assault, theft, household burglary, and motor vehicle theft victimization for the population as a whole as well as for segments of the population. One of BJS's goals for the NCVS is to continually improve its utility so that victimization can be better understood as crime and its correlates change over time. Recently, BJS has been interested in assessing the measurement of variables that have long been associated with victimization, including factors such as socioeconomic status (SES). The goals of this paper are to (1) understand how other studies have measured SES and identify variables within the NCVS that could be used to measure or be proxies for SES, (2) explore options for creating an SES index that could enhance BJSs analysis of victimization and its correlates, and (3) assess how components of a potential SES index are currently measured in the NCVS and consider ways in which they can be improved. Section 1 summarizes the literature on how SES has been measured in the scientific literature and how it relates to crime and victimization. Section 2 summarizes the recommended approach for creating a measure of SES via an index that includes imputed income data. Finally, Section 3 recommends changes to the NCVS that would address the current limitations and allow for better measurement of SES and its components. Details: Research Triangle Park, NC: RTI International, 2014. 66p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 4, 2015 at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/bjs/grants/248562.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/bjs/grants/248562.pdf Shelf Number: 134534 Keywords: Crime StatisticsNational Crime Victimization Survey (U.S.)Socioeconomic StatusVictimization Surveys |
Author: Lima, Luis Francisco Rodriguez Title: Enforcement and Robbery in Mexico: An economic approach Summary: There have been very limited attempts to fit the crime model started by Becker in 1968 to the case of Mexico, as well as the usage of victimization surveys for these sorts of models. In this work, we attempt to construct an econometric model based upon economic theory with available data for the years 2000 and 2004 with the aim of estimating the elasticities of enforcement. We analyze victimization survey estimations in contrast to official indicators of crime (robbery) to construct a model according to the specific criminal process of this country. In addition, we explore the potential simultaneity bias in enforcement expenditures and unobserved heterogeneity across states based upon the construction of the budget formulae. Details: Coventry, UK: University of Warwick, 2008. 54p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed June 3, 2015 at: http://www.cdeunodc.inegi.org.mx/articulos/doc/tesis1luis.pdf Year: 2009 Country: Mexico URL: http://www.cdeunodc.inegi.org.mx/articulos/doc/tesis1luis.pdf Shelf Number: 129731 Keywords: Economics of Crime Robbery Victimization Surveys |
Author: Rosay, Andre B. Title: Documentation for Analysis of Violence Against American and Alaska Native Women and Men - 2010 Findings From the National Intimate Partner And Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) by the National Institute of Justice Summary: The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) includes eight victimization sections (psychological aggression [PA], coercive control and entrapment [CCE], physical violence [PV], elder abuse - psychological aggression [EPA], elder abuse - coercive control and entrapment [ECCE], elder abuse - physical violence [EPV], stalking [S], and sexual violence [SV]). This document summarizes the structure of the NISVS data and explains how analysis files were created from the original data files provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All of the NISVS analyses by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) should be replicable with the following documentation. Chapter 1 provides an overview of this technical report, and describes the sequence of tasks that NIJ performed to create composites from the original data files. A broad overview on the structure of the NISVS data is then presented in Chapter 2 (additional information is available in CDC documents). More specifically, Chapter 2 provides a summary of (a) how CDC variable names were changed to a simpler structure and (b) perpetrator identifiers can be tracked from question to question, and across sections. Chapter 3 provides an overview of how data were extracted, merged, checked, and cleaned in each victimization section (PA to SV). An overview on sampling and weighting is provided in Chapter 4 (additional information is available in RTI documents). Specific details for each section of the NISVS survey are then provided in Chapters 5 through 12. Chapter 13 provides a detailed summary of data cleaning. Respondent level files are created in Chapter 14 and perpetrator level files are created in Chapters 15 through 17. Chapter 18 provides an overview of the stalking follow‐up questions. Victimization estimates are then computed in Chapter 19. An overview of the sexual violence follow‐up section is presented in Chapter 20. Chapter 21 provides an overview of the general follow‐up section, Chapter 22 provides an overview of the intimate partner section, Chapter 23 provides an overview of the respondent characteristics section, and Chapter 24 provides an overview of the health section. Final data files are then created and documented in Chapter 25. Final codebooks are available separately (see Appendix B and C). Chapter 26 provides documentation for all tables and figures in the full report of violence against American Indian and Alaska Native women and men. All syntax files are included in Appendix A. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. National Institute of Justice, 2016. 392p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 27, 2016 at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/250087.pdf Year: 2016 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/250087.pdf Shelf Number: 140067 Keywords: Intimate Partner ViolenceSexual ViolenceStalkingVictimization SurveysVictims of ViolenceViolence Against Women |
Author: Berzofsky, Marcus Title: Determining the Optimal Number of Interview Waves in the National Crime Victimization Survey: Evaluation and Recommendations Summary: Presents the results of a study that evaluated the data quality and cost of changing the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) from the current longitudinal design in which household members are interviewed every 6 months for a total of 7 times over a 3.5-year period to designs in which respondents are interviewed 1, 3, 4, or 5 times. The research and development paper describes the development of simulations used to mimic different panel designs and outcomes. Simulation assumptions were constructed using NCVS data from 1999 to 2011, and included assumptions about sample sizes, costs, response rates, mode of interview, victimization rates, and standard errors. Based on the findings, the report offers a recommendation to reduce the number of times NCVS respondents are interviewed. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2016. 53p. Source: Internet Resource: Research and Development Series: Accessed December 19, 2016 at: https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/doniwpsancvs.pdf Year: 2016 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 147756 Keywords: Crime SurveysVictimization Surveys |
Author: Smith, Sharon G. Title: The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey. 2010-2012 State Report Summary: Sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence are important public health problems that have an enormous and long term physical and mental health impact on victims. These types of violence often occur early in the lifespan of victims, and for most subtypes, women and racial and ethnic minorities are most affected. While our knowledge about sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence victimization has improved over the years, we still lack information on state-level prevalence estimates and the characteristics of the violence (e.g., type of perpetrator) at the state level. State-level data are important because they help to understand the burden of these problems at the state level and can inform state efforts to prevent and respond to these problems. This is the first report to offer this information at the state-level. The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) is an ongoing, national random-digit-dial (RDD) telephone survey on sexual violence (SV), stalking, and intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization. Data, representative of the U.S. non-institutionalized adult population, are collected from the non-institutionalized English - and Spanish-speaking U.S. population aged 18 or older using a dual-frame sampling strategy that includes landlines and cell phones. NISVS provides national and state-level estimates of these types of violence, collecting data from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. The primary objectives of this report are to describe at the national and state levels: - The prevalence and characteristics of sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence; - The impact of violence experienced by an intimate partner; - The prevalence of these forms of violence experienced as minors; - The health conditions associated with these forms of violence. This report uses the NISVS data years of 2010-2012 to produce national and state victimization estimates. All of the estimates provided in the text are from the aggregated 2010-2012 data because this combined dataset provides the greatest number of reliable estimates at the national and state levels. National estimates for the most recent data year, 2012, are included as a point of reference and can be found in Appendix A. Estimates in this report are based on data from completed interviews conducted between January 2010 and December 2012. An interview is defined as completed if the participant provided responses to the questions for demographics, general health, and all violence victimization sections. The relative standard error (RSE), which is a measure of an estimate's statistical reliability, was calculated for all estimates in this report. If the RSE was greater than 30%, the estimate was considered unreliable and is not reported. The case count was also considered; if the estimate was based on a numerator - 20, the estimate is also not reported. We have provided estimates for the 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC). In our descriptions of the findings, when there are reliable estimates for fewer than all states and DC, we have indicated the number of states with reliable estimates and counted DC as a state, for a total of 51. Details: Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017. 272p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 17, 2017 at: https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/NISVS-StateReportBook.pdf Year: 2017 Country: United States URL: https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/NISVS-StateReportBook.pdf Shelf Number: 145521 Keywords: Intimate Partner Violence Sexual Violence Stalking Victimization SurveysVictims of Violence Violence Against Women |
Author: Perreault, Samuel Title: Canadians' perceptions of personal safety and crime, 2014 Summary: A sense of personal safety has been intrinsically linked to a sense of well-being. Measures of safety are routinely included in key wellness indicators such as the Canadian Index of Wellbeing (University of Waterloo) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's (OECD) Better Life Index. Several studies have also shown that a perceived lack of safety could have various adverse effects on individuals and communities. In particular, fear of crime can lead to withdrawal from community life and reduces social cohesion (Cobbina et al. 2008). It can also lead some people to adopt restrictive behaviours, such as avoiding certain places or not going out after a certain time. A sense of insecurity can also lead to increased spending to protect against crime or even be the reason that some people move away (Hale 1996). Finally, insecurity can have negative effects on physical and mental health and general well-being (Foster et al. 2014; Lorenc 2012; Adams and Serpe 2000). Research on sense of safety-or on the fear of crime-has also shown personal safety to be associated with far more than just fear of being a victim of crime. A sense of insecurity is generally a wide-ranging fear or anxiety linked to many personal and environmental factors (Farrall et al. 2009). Thus, a sense of safety is thought to be influenced by factors related to vulnerability: people whose risk of victimization is higher, or those who feel less able to defend themselves against or recover from the consequences of victimization (particularly women and the elderly) would have higher levels of fear (Sacco 1995; Covington and Taylor 1991; Killias 1990). The community in which a person lives can also have a significant impact on their sense of safety. There is general agreement that people who live in a place where neighbours know each other, help each other and trust each other have a greater sense of personal safety (Yuan and McNeeley 2017; Gibson et al. 2002; Sampson et al. 1997). Finally, the presence of social disorder and antisocial behaviours also seems to have an unsettling effect because these are indicators that more serious crimes might be committed or that the community or the police have been unable to adequately control deviant behaviour (Intravia et al. 2016; Fitzgerald 2008; Sampson et al. 1997).Note Since a sense of safety is only partly associated with actual levels of crime, it is important to measure it accurately and to understand factors that may contribute to a sense of safety. Research on the subject has shown that a sense of safety is a concept that can be expressed in different ways, and it is usually best to use more than one measure to better understand its nature, scope and key trends. This Juristat article outlines the main measures related to sense of safety included in the 2014 General Social Survey (GSS) on Canadians' Safety (Victimization) at the national, provincial, territorial, census metropolitan area and census agglomeration levels. It also presents the main characteristics associated with Canadians' sense of safety. Details: Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 2017. 35o, Source: Internet Resource: Juristat 37, no. 1: Accessed March 20, 2018 at: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2017001/article/54889-eng.pdf Year: 2017 Country: Canada URL: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2017001/article/54889-eng.pdf Shelf Number: 0 Keywords: Fear of Crime (Canada)NeighborhoodsPublic SafetyVictimizationVictimization Surveys |
Author: Davis, Elizabeth Title: Contacts Between Police and the Public, 2015 Summary: Presents data on the nature and frequency of contact between police and U.S. residents age 16 or older, including demographic characteristics of residents, the reason for and outcomes of the contact, police threats or use of nonfatal force, and residents' perceptions of police behavior during the contact. Highlights: The portion of U.S. residents age 16 or older who had contact with the police in the preceding 12 months declined from 26% in 2011 to 21% in 2015, a drop of more than 9 million people (from 62.9 million to 53.5 million). The number of persons experiencing police-initiated contact fell by 8 million (down 23%), the number of persons who initiated contact with the police fell by 6 million (down 19%), and the number experiencing contact from traffic accidents did not change significantly. Whites (23%) were more likely than blacks (20%) or Hispanics (17%) to have contact with police. Police were equally likely to initiate contact with blacks and whites (11% each) but were less likely to initiate contact with Hispanics (9%). Details: Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2018. 33p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 23, 2018 at: https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpp15.pdf Year: 2018 Country: United States URL: https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpp15.pdf Shelf Number: 153058 Keywords: Police Behavior Police Use of Force Police-Citizen Interactions (U.S.) Police-Community Relations Public Opinion Towards Police Vehicle Stops Victimization Surveys |
Author: Controller and Auditor-General, New Zealand Title: New Zealand Police: Dealing with Dwelling Burglary - Follow-up Audit Summary: Dwelling burglary is an invasive crime. It occurs often, and is a cause of concern for many New Zealanders. Victimisation surveys indicate that many of us fear being burgled. Reducing the number of dwelling burglary crimes is a priority for the New Zealand Police (the Police). In 2001, we looked at how the Police deal with dwelling burglary. In this follow-up report, we examine the progress and changes made by the Police. We used a case study approach, and carried out our fieldwork in 4 diverse Police Areas. (Nationally, there are 12 Police Districts. Each District includes several Police Areas, which are local operational units of the Police.) We also reviewed documentation, and interviewed Police staff at the Office of the Commissioner and in the Royal New Zealand Police College. Details: Wellington, New Zealand: Controller and Auditor-General, 2006. 39p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 30, 2019 at: https://www.oag.govt.nz/2006/burglary/new-zealand-police-dealing-with-dwelling-burglary-follow-up-audit Year: 2006 Country: New Zealand URL: https://www.oag.govt.nz/2006/burglary/docs/burglary.pdf Shelf Number: 155977 Keywords: Case Study Dwelling Burglary Law Enforcement New Zealand Policing Victimization Surveys |